Statements
Separating statements
Statements are separated by ";" (semicolon).
Compound statements
One or more statements can be enclosed in curly braces to form a compound statement. Compound statements are commonly called "blocks" (not to be confused with FlexiLayout blocks).
Conditional statements
In any section intended for entering code, you can use conditional if statements.
The if statement controls conditional branching. The body of an if statement is executed if the value of the expression is true. The syntax for the if statement has two forms.
Syntax
selection-statement :
if ( expression ) then statement
if ( expression ) then statement else statement
In both forms of the if statement, the expressions are evaluated.
In the first form of the syntax, if expression is true, statement is executed. If expression is false, statement is ignored. In the second form of syntax, which uses else, the second statement is executed if expression is false.
Iteration statements
In any section intended for entering code, you can use iteration for statements.
The for statement controls loops. The loop is executed while the value of the expression is true.
Syntax
iteration statement :
for <var-name> from <from-expr> to <to-expr> [ step <step-expr>]
<statement>
The name of the <var-name> counter is compulsory. This name must be different from the names of variables declared above. The scope of the counter is the body of the loop. Changing the value of the counter or declaring variables with the same name as the counter is not allowed within the loop.
The initial from-expr and final to-expr counter values are estimated before performing the first iteration of the loop. Then they are treated as integer constants in order to avoid endless loops.
The step parameter is optional. If the step value is not specified, the step is consider 1. The step value as well as its initial and final values is estimated once in the beginning of the loop. Depending on the sign of the step the condition for the iteration is chosen. For positive step values, the following condition must be performed: <var-name> ≤ <to-expr>, for negative step values, the condition is as follows: <var-name> ≥ <to-expr>. The step value cannot be zero, otherwise an error message will occur.
The <statement> can be a single statement or a block (compound statement) enclosed in curly braces.
You can also use the following statements inside the loop:
- break - breaks the loop;
- continue – goes to the next iteration of the loop.
12.04.2024 18:16:02